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Industrial clusters: the revitalization of the key modern equipment manufacturing industry in Hubei

Abstract irrational industrial structure, the vast majority of major equipment manufacturing industry is seriously lagging behind the development of modern equipment manufacturing industry in Hubei status quo. According to modern equipment manufacturing industry chain length, coordination and cooperation requirements of higher characteristic, through the implementation of the core businesses of large corporations and as a leader, the development of Zhejiang, Hubei should learn mode launched actively cultivate their own type of modern equipment manufacturing industry cluster. Among them, attention should be paid in the cluster to build a sound service system of public agencies to build scientific and technological innovation cluster platform, forming a strong network of innovation and technology innovation. This paper from China Union [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] collected. Key words Zhejiang Model electronic and communication equipment manufacturing, instrumentation and Cultural Office Machinery and other heavy industries in seven sectors. It features cover a wide range of high technology, higher degree of information required, on a national or regional industrial development impact, the core of the manufacturing sector. Highly developed manufacturing technology of modern equipment manufacturing industry has become the measure of a country's international competitiveness in an important symbol and a national winner in the international market, the key factor. Currently the world, especially the developed countries attach great importance to the development of modern equipment manufacturing industry. Through policy guidance, Hubei should learn from successful experiences at home and abroad to accelerate the development of I. Development of the equipment manufacturing industry in Hubei Hubei equipment manufacturing industry in the same industry occupies an important position. Currently the number of enterprises, assets, employment and other indicators account for a quarter of the province's industry, value added, accounting for about one third of sales, has formed a group with a comparative advantage in certain products and industry. But overall, the equipment manufacturing industry in Hubei outstanding problems still exist in the following restricted the further development of equipment manufacturing industry in Hubei. 1, irrational industrial structure, the vast majority of major equipment manufacturing industry is seriously lagging behind. In addition to the automotive industry in Hubei has a certain scale advantages,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], not the size of other large equipment manufacturing industry has not yet formed a reasonable scale of production and industrial clustering effect, the low technical level of equipment much less high-tech level of equipment, information low levels of high-end equipment, lack of core technologies and products. At the national focus on the development of the 16 major areas of major equipment,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Hubei existing equipment can enter the only 6 products. In 2007 the scale equipment manufacturing enterprises in Hubei and eastern provinces and cities than the low value of 4.5% ~ 10.8%, the average corporate assets 12.5% 13.8% lower. 2, the production process behind the overall low technical content products, added value. Overall, Hubei behind the overall technological level of the equipment industry, the manufacturing level is still in the eighties the level of similar foreign manufacturing. Is still in the main a simple mechanized production stage, the lack of information on the infiltration of mechanized production, the overall low technological content of products, value-added products is not high, restricted the development of enterprises. Many equipment manufacturers are still in the 3, low investment in technology development, business innovation is not strong. In 2007, large-scale equipment manufacturing enterprises accounted for sales of R & D investment ratio of only 0.92% of Wuhan City, the province is only 0.4%, lower than 1% of the industry level, greater than the gap with foreign countries. In accordance with the foreign experience, in order to maintain backward technological level of enterprises, R & D investment should be accounted for sales of more than 3%; To a certain degree of product innovation, R & D investment should be not less than 7% of sales revenue; and to maintain the technology leader in the industry, more than 13% of sales revenue should be used as R & D investment. Most equipment manufacturing enterprises in Hubei not yet have a high level of product development system and the independent development ability, most dependent on imports of key equipment and technology, the introduction of absorption and innovation capacity of the lack of, in particular, integrated innovation capability is weak. Second, Hubei, modern equipment manufacturing cluster model selection modern equipment manufacturing industry chain of long, demanding coordination and cooperation, the implementation of large companies, large group strategy, the development of industry cluster, is to accelerate the expansion of industrial scale, improve operational efficiency and enhance competitiveness an important way. Domestic and international experience has shown that the development of industrial clusters help reduce transaction costs within the industry and improve the professional division of labor to increase productivity, resulting in a cluster, the large number of companies together, so that enterprises in the region through division and cooperation, to achieve economies of scale, can achieve the purpose of an industry bigger and stronger. The current development model of industrial clusters in China are mainly two: mode of Guangdong and Zhejiang. 1, Zhejiang model, also known as self-launch-type model. This pattern is a common regional culture in the context of the geopolitical relationship with blood or clan, the main relationship between students, around some of the characteristics of products and industries, through the division of labor,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the formation of industrial clusters. Zhejiang model is characterized by tight clusters of social networks, rooted in strong local economic development, strong pulling power. 2, Guangdong model, also known as external embedded mode. This pattern is due to large foreign-funded enterprises within the industry, or multinational companies to move, attracting many foreign-funded enterprises or SMEs to multinational corporations, and assorted spare parts to undertake the production, access to foreign or multinational chain, or the use of the absorbed foreign advanced technology and brand names, and gradually become the manufacturing center of a specific product, the formation of industrial clusters. It features fast cluster formation, rooted in weak, unstable development, migration risk, lack of local industrial structure and upgrade the pulling power. Zhejiang, Hubei should learn mode, relying on existing economic strengths and central authorities to promote the development of Wuhan city circle policy advantages, and actively cultivate their own type of modern equipment manufacturing wage formation and development of industrial clusters. Through years of development, Hubei has a number of more competitive equipment manufacturing enterprises, such as military weight, WBC and central NC. But the industry is concerned, Hubei, equipment manufacturing competitiveness is not strong. Already have a certain competitive advantage to rely on large enterprises, attracting many small and medium enterprises engaged in the industrial division of labor, through the extension of industrial chain, cultivating So-called . Relying on large enterprises or enterprises with core technology driven, rational division of labor within the cluster, the cluster can improve the overall function, optimize resource allocation and accelerate technological progress and product structure adjustment, accelerate business growth, thereby enhancing the overall competitiveness of industry in a region. Business link between the form of a diversity, such as equity-linked (close layer, semi-tight layer enterprise group), contract-linked (semi close layer, loose layer of enterprise group) and other connection type (loose layer of enterprise group) and so on. Build Should focus on key leading enterprises, leading products,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], by attracting private capital in expanding the production scale, or through business combination, the strength of portfolio and other capital reorganization of ways to do bigger and stronger company and core business; promoting big business and core business specialized division of labor organizations and SME network construction, guide industry gathered to extend the industrial chain to form a Third, the development of modern equipment manufacturing cluster in Hubei policy recommendations modern equipment manufacturing industry cluster is a complex organic system, is an industrial ecosystem, the composition of the main and interrelated diverse and dynamic characteristics. Hubei, modern equipment manufacturing industry in the development of cluster development to support the relevant policy, the policy should pay attention to supporting the use of a single policy to avoid the inefficiencies caused by the implementation. 1, relying on large enterprises and key enterprises, cultivating Full use of existing resources, and actively support the basis of a certain big companies, do good, and stronger. Excellent led by large strong companies to (1) to Zhuankou Economic Development Zone as the center, Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Co., Ltd. as a leader, attracting many small automotive parts business and information technology companies gathered in Zhuankou form of Automobile Industrial Cluster, maintaining China's largest car manufacturing center position. (2) to East Lake Economic Development Zone as the center, laborers NC, Chutian Laser and Optical Fiber and Cable Co., Ltd. as a leader, attracting a number of optical aggregation of R & D institutions and SMEs, fostering optoelectronics industry cluster.

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