e whichat its
peakcovered about a quarter of the land surface of the globe.
76These
events led to the development of Marxist Theories of Imperialismthough
neither Classical Economics nor Marx had had much to say about imperial-
ismand Marx had once opined that the British in India were a progressive
force.
77John A. Hobson (1858–1940)on the other handhad argued that
imperialism was primarily driven by the sel?sh interests of ?nancial and
commercial groups
78a view which was taken up by Marxists such as
Rudolf Hilferding (1877–1941) and Rosa Luxemburg (1871–1919).
79They
maintained that shortage of investment opportunities in the aging capital-
ist states drove ?nance capital to imperialist rivalryto provide new
markets.
It was a short step from there to the proposition that imperialism was
responsible for the prosperity of the European powersas Lenin (Vladimir
Ilyich Ulyanov) (1870–1924) argued in Imperialism: the Last Stage of
Capitalismpublished in 1917.
80‘In backward countries pro?ts are usually
highfor capital is scarcethe price of land is relatively lowraw materials
are cheap … The necessity for exporting capital arises from the fact that in
a few countries capitalism has become “over-ripe” and … cann [link widoczny dla zalogowanych]yilai:
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