The development of rail transport requirements of -

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The development of rail transport requirements of rail

To reduce the stress concentration, to eliminate the crack source, to overcome the rail strip, off the block, scale cracking, abrasion, nuclear damage and other hazards. Pure solution of steel is the only way to control the steelmaking ingredient, vacuum degassing of molten steel. It has been generally adopted in foreign countries, but in our country is still blank,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], non-problem must be solved. (D) To ensure the quality of the rail except rail steel quality assurance purification, the must solve the continuous billet, electromagnetic stirring, universal rolling mill, the new straightening process (eg, tension straightening), donations flow testing, rail end and the bolt hole peripheral chamfer to improve ultrasonic flaw detection technology. These problems are not resolved it is difficult to guarantee the quality of rail. (E) increasing the overhaul and maintenance for rail lines with a large number of rail maintenance, as mentioned earlier, extended service and the sick in order to eliminate rail service levels to ensure quality and safety of transport lines, the current annual overhaul to change the track should be 5000 ~ 5,200 km . If the annual new lines and double-track can be met, then the next line overhaul required every 10 years increase of 2,000 km, to the 2041 to 2050, the year of 15,000 km line maintenance (with a new track) to present an annual 700 km as the base, the future IO0 km to be increasing every decade, to 204I ~ 2050 years,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], up to 1,200 km per year. (Vi) production resources to solve the above new rail lines and double-track, line maintenance and repairs', and a new dry, double-track line station, upgrading, and making such estimates turnout Chen total requirements in 2050 will be the existing rail output 2.5 times the required attention, not to repeat \extended active duty, serving sick phenomenon has been more serious. overhaul for a year after the founding of track, although a relatively large increase year after year, to plan arrangements for 1990 increased to 4,500 kilometers. But according to the objective needs of the current year should be scheduled for the 5000 5,200 km should,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], in the future be an annual increase every 10 years, 2,000 km. line maintenance (new track) Yun gradually increased to 500 km in 1990. At present 700 km annually in more appropriate arrangements for the future of each. 10 years, an annual increase to be 100 km 2. Heavy rail. You can extend the service life, increase the line stability,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], expansion of traffic and reduce maintenance workload. but there is no shop in accordance with the corresponding level of track types of heavy rail, there are 12,400 km should be primarily laid 75kg / m rail. but only the laying of 200 km; are online should be eliminated 43kg / m and below the rail, but still continue to shop with 15,000 km 3.. The current U74 and U71Mn rail, low strength, fatigue performance is poor, life is short, do not meet the needs of heavy transport. rail urgent strengthening and toughening, means there is heat strengthened (hardened rail head length) and strengthen the two alloys, can improve the life more than doubled. two ways have advantages and disadvantages. The heat strengthened , the comprehensive mechanical properties, and is conducive to the safe transport, saving alloy resources, price lower. comprehensive comparison, alloy strengthening heat treatment has advantages over enhanced, in line with China's national conditions, is one of the most feasible, most 'effective, most economical rail rhyme Toughening way. Treatment should be taken to strengthen China-based, supplemented by the principle of strengthening alloy. the universal realization of the strengthening heat treatment on the basis of trial \lot. heat strengthened rail, report to the State by the Ministry of Railways official. First, certain principles; second, urgent need to address capacity; the third, requiring 60kg / m and 75kg / m rail must all heat treatment after delivery. 4. To ensure the quality of rail in the production must be pure of steel, vacuum degassing, in addition to the rail will help to improve the quality of the measures, such as continuous strand, electromagnetic stirring, universal rolling mill, the new straightening technique, eddy current inspection, rail and end down bolt holes around the school, also to be addressed. 5. to expand rail capacity. by rail network to achieve the above objectives, the new dry, and large double-track rail maintenance and other projects required amount (not including the amount of road outside the dedicated lines), from 1991 to 2000 average annual 1.22 million tons, and gradually increased to 204l ~ 2050 average annual 2.49 million tons, while production capacity of existing mills can not meet future needs, be reported to the national settlement. V. Results Cambodian language ' Toughening on rail issues, there have been a lot of the knowledgeable insight of the article was published, there are different views have the same aim of this paper is trying to do a good job toughening than the rail issues, but also to other issues, are based on personal experience, elaborate on some shallow. as initiate, hoping to resonate, and welcomed the criticism correction., (continued be) one by one 29, one by one

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