ca.465–522 -

sam65166

on
shuxin[towritealetter]wasrecordedin
usearoundthe?fthcentury.10LiuXie(ca.465–522)theauthorofthe?rstcom-
prehensivestudyofliterarycriticism
Wenxindiaolong[Theliterarymindcarves
dragons]de?nedthenatureof
shuji(‘letterrecords’;alsotranslatedas‘epistolary
writing’)as‘topouroutone’smindinwordsanddisplaythemonbambooorwooden
strips’and‘tostateinwordswithoutreserve’.Thesede?nitionsindicatethefamiliar
letterandLiuXiegivesexamplesofthistype;butheintroducesconfusionwitha
longlistofsub-typeswhichhavelittletodowithhisownde?nitions.11Theearliest
anthologyofliterature
Wenxuanalsoincludesasectiononletters.12
Inthetenthcenturyexchangesoflettersbet [link widoczny dla zalogowanych][link widoczny dla zalogowanych]nloversfriendsandfamily
wererecordedin?ctionandpoetryasanormalpartofeverydaylife.DuFuusesthe
expressionjiashu[familyletter]inhisfamouspoem‘Chunwang’[Springscene];13
thetermjiaxin[familyletters]alsooccursintheTangdynasty.14Authenticletters
byliteraryscholarsandpoetssuchasHanYu(768–824)andSuShi(1036–101)
writteninclassicalChinesewereroutinelyincludedintheirposthumouscollec-
tions(althoughtheirmorepersonalletterswhichmayhavebeenwritteninamore
colloquiallanguagewerenotalwaysthoughtsuitableforinclusion).15Women’s
lettersarerecordedbutyilai:
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